Classical and Operant Conditioning
Intro psych flashcards — Pavlovian conditioning, Skinnerian reinforcement, and core exam distinctions.
12 cards· by GuruOwl
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Try it- 01What is classical conditioning?Learning by association: a neutral stimulus becomes conditioned after pairing with an unconditioned stimulus that elicits a reflex.classical
- 02In Pavlov’s experiment, what were the UCS, UCR, CS, and CR?UCS = food; UCR = salivation to food; CS = bell (after pairing); CR = salivation to bell.classical
- 03What is extinction in classical conditioning?The CR weakens when the CS is repeatedly presented without the UCS.classical
- 04What is spontaneous recovery?Reappearance of an extinguished CR after a rest period.classical
- 05What is operant conditioning?Learning in which behavior is strengthened or weakened by its consequences (reinforcement/punishment).operant
- 06What is positive reinforcement?Adding a desirable stimulus after a behavior to increase that behavior.operant
- 07What is negative reinforcement?Removing an aversive stimulus after a behavior to increase that behavior (not the same as punishment).operant
- 08What is positive punishment?Adding an aversive stimulus after a behavior to decrease that behavior.operant
- 09What is negative punishment?Removing a desirable stimulus after a behavior to decrease that behavior (e.g., time-out / response cost).operant
- 10What is shaping?Reinforcing successive approximations toward a target behavior.operant
- 11Continuous vs partial reinforcement — which resists extinction better?Partial (intermittent) reinforcement schedules produce behavior more resistant to extinction.schedules
- 12Key difference: classical vs operant conditioning?Classical associates stimuli (involuntary responses); operant associates voluntary behavior with consequences.comparison